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MQTT使用三之Spring Boot集成MQTT简单使用 Spring Boot集成MQTT支持动态创建topic。添加依赖 <!-- MQTT --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-integration</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.integration</groupId> <artifactId>spring-integration-stream</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.integration</groupId> <artifactId>spring-integration-mqtt</artifactId> </dependency>添加配置文件server: port: 9999 #mqtt的配置 mqtt: server: url: tcp://ip:1883 port: 1883 username: 用户名 password: 密码 client: consumerId: consumerCo publishId: publishCo default: topic: topic completionTimeout: 3000MQTT配置文件package net.xiangcaowuyu.mqtt.config; import net.xiangcaowuyu.mqtt.utils.MqttReceiveHandle; import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttConnectOptions; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.integration.annotation.ServiceActivator; import org.springframework.integration.channel.DirectChannel; import org.springframework.integration.core.MessageProducer; import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.core.DefaultMqttPahoClientFactory; import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.core.MqttPahoClientFactory; import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.inbound.MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter; import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.outbound.MqttPahoMessageHandler; import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.support.DefaultPahoMessageConverter; import org.springframework.messaging.Message; import org.springframework.messaging.MessageChannel; import org.springframework.messaging.MessageHandler; import org.springframework.messaging.MessagingException; import org.springframework.util.StringUtils; import javax.annotation.Resource; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; /** * Description:消息订阅配置 * * @author : laughing * DateTime: 2021-05-18 13:31 */ @Configuration public class MqttConfig { public final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass()); private static final byte[] WILL_DATA; static { WILL_DATA = "offline".getBytes(); } @Resource private MqttReceiveHandle mqttReceiveHandle; @Value("${mqtt.server.url}") private final String url = "tcp://139.198.172.114:1883"; @Value("${mqtt.server.port}") private final String port = "1883"; @Value("${mqtt.server.username}") private final String username = "admin"; @Value("${mqtt.server.password}") private final String password = "public"; @Value("${mqtt.client.consumerId}") private final String consumerId = "consumerClient"; @Value("${mqtt.client.publishId}") private final String publishId = "publishClient"; @Value("${mqtt.default.topic}") private final String topic = "topic"; @Value("${mqtt.default.completionTimeout}") private final Integer completionTimeout = 3000; //消息驱动 private MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter adapter; //订阅的主题列表 private String listenTopics = ""; // //mqtt消息接收接口 // private MqttReceiveService mqttReceiveService; // // public void setMqttReceiveService(MqttReceiveService mqttReceiveService){ // this.mqttReceiveService = mqttReceiveService; // } /** * MQTT连接器选项 * **/ @Bean(value = "getMqttConnectOptions") public MqttConnectOptions getMqttConnectOptions(){ MqttConnectOptions mqttConnectOptions=new MqttConnectOptions(); // 设置是否清空session,这里如果设置为false表示服务器会保留客户端的连接记录，这里设置为true表示每次连接到服务器都以新的身份连接 mqttConnectOptions.setCleanSession(true); // 设置超时时间 单位为秒 mqttConnectOptions.setConnectionTimeout(10); mqttConnectOptions.setAutomaticReconnect(true); mqttConnectOptions.setUserName(username); mqttConnectOptions.setPassword(password.toCharArray()); mqttConnectOptions.setServerURIs(new String[]{url}); // 设置会话心跳时间 单位为秒 服务器会每隔1.5*20秒的时间向客户端发送心跳判断客户端是否在线，但这个方法并没有重连的机制 mqttConnectOptions.setKeepAliveInterval(10); // 设置“遗嘱”消息的话题，若客户端与服务器之间的连接意外中断，服务器将发布客户端的“遗嘱”消息。 mqttConnectOptions.setWill("willTopic", WILL_DATA, 2, false); return mqttConnectOptions; } /** * MQTT工厂 * **/ @Bean public MqttPahoClientFactory mqttClientFactory() { DefaultMqttPahoClientFactory factory = new DefaultMqttPahoClientFactory(); factory.setConnectionOptions(getMqttConnectOptions()); return factory; } /** * MQTT信息通道（生产者） * **/ @Bean public MessageChannel mqttOutboundChannel() { return new DirectChannel(); } /** * MQTT消息处理器（生产者） * **/ @Bean @ServiceActivator(inputChannel = "mqttOutboundChannel") public MessageHandler mqttOutbound() { MqttPahoMessageHandler messageHandler = new MqttPahoMessageHandler(publishId, mqttClientFactory()); messageHandler.setAsync(true); messageHandler.setDefaultTopic(topic); return messageHandler; } /** * 配置client,监听的topic * MQTT消息订阅绑定（消费者） * **/ @Bean public MessageProducer inbound() { if(adapter == null){ adapter = new MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter(consumerId, mqttClientFactory(), topic); } String [] topics = listenTopics.split(","); for(String topic: topics){ if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(topic)){ adapter.addTopic(topic,1); } } adapter.setCompletionTimeout(completionTimeout); adapter.setConverter(new DefaultPahoMessageConverter()); adapter.setQos(2); adapter.setOutputChannel(mqttInputChannel()); return adapter; } /** * 增加监听的topic * @param topicArr 消息列表 * @return 结果 */ public List<String> addListenTopic(String [] topicArr){ if(adapter == null){ adapter = new MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter(consumerId, mqttClientFactory(), topic); } List<String> listTopic = Arrays.asList(adapter.getTopic()); for(String topic: topicArr){ if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(topic)){ if(!listTopic.contains(topic)){ adapter.addTopic(topic,1); } } } return Arrays.asList(adapter.getTopic()); } /** * 移除一个监听的topic * @param topic * @return */ public List<String> removeListenTopic(String topic){ if(adapter == null){ adapter = new MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter(consumerId, mqttClientFactory(), topic); } List<String> listTopic = Arrays.asList(adapter.getTopic()); if(listTopic.contains(topic)){ adapter.removeTopic(topic); } return Arrays.asList(adapter.getTopic()); } /** * MQTT信息通道（消费者） * **/ @Bean public MessageChannel mqttInputChannel() { return new DirectChannel(); } /** * MQTT消息处理器（消费者） * **/ @Bean @ServiceActivator(inputChannel = "mqttInputChannel") public MessageHandler handler() { return new MessageHandler() { @Override public void handleMessage(Message<?> message) throws MessagingException { //处理接收消息 mqttReceiveHandle.handle(message); //String topic = message.getHeaders().get("mqtt_receivedTopic").toString(); //String msg = ((String) message.getPayload()).toString(); //mqttReceiveService.handlerMqttMessage(topic,msg); } }; } } 消息处理package net.xiangcaowuyu.mqtt.utils; import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.IMqttDeliveryToken; import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttCallback; import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttMessage; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.support.MqttHeaders; import org.springframework.messaging.Message; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; @Component public class MqttReceiveHandle implements MqttCallback { private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MqttReceiveHandle.class); public void handle(Message<?> message) { try { logger.info("{},客户端号：{},主题：{}，QOS:{}，消息接收到的数据：{}", new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date()), message.getHeaders().get(MqttHeaders.ID), message.getHeaders().get(MqttHeaders.RECEIVED_TOPIC), message.getHeaders().get(MqttHeaders.RECEIVED_QOS), message.getPayload()); //处理mqtt数据 this.handle(message.getPayload().toString()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); logger.error("处理错误" + e.getMessage()); } } private void handle(String str) throws Exception { logger.info(str); } @Override public void connectionLost(Throwable throwable) { logger.warn("连接丢失"); } @Override public void messageArrived(String topic, MqttMessage mqttMessage) throws Exception { logger.info("消息到达:" + topic + "\n" + "消息内容：" + new String(mqttMessage.getPayload()) + "\nclientId：" + mqttMessage.getId()); } @Override public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken iMqttDeliveryToken) { logger.info("clientId:" + iMqttDeliveryToken.getClient().getClientId()); } }消息发送package net.xiangcaowuyu.mqtt.utils; import org.springframework.integration.annotation.MessagingGateway; import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.support.MqttHeaders; import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.Header; /** * Description: * * @author : laughing * DateTime: 2021-05-18 13:44 */ @MessagingGateway(defaultRequestChannel = "mqttOutboundChannel") public interface MqttGateway { /** * 发送信息到MQTT服务器 * * @param data 发送的文本 */ void sendToMqtt(String data); /** * 发送信息到MQTT服务器 * * @param topic 主题 * @param payload 消息主体 */ void sendToMqtt(@Header(MqttHeaders.TOPIC) String topic, String payload); /** * 发送信息到MQTT服务器 * * @param topic 主题 * @param qos 对消息处理的几种机制。 * 0 表示的是订阅者没收到消息不会再次发送，消息会丢失。 * 1 表示的是会尝试重试，一直到接收到消息，但这种情况可能导致订阅者收到多次重复消息。 * 2 多了一次去重的动作，确保订阅者收到的消息有一次。 * @param payload 消息主体 */ void sendToMqtt(@Header(MqttHeaders.TOPIC) String topic, @Header(MqttHeaders.QOS) int qos, String payload); }测试package net.xiangcaowuyu.mqtt.controller; import net.xiangcaowuyu.mqtt.config.MqttConfig; import net.xiangcaowuyu.mqtt.utils.MqttGateway; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import javax.annotation.Resource; import java.util.List; @RestController public class MqttController { @Resource private MqttGateway mqttGateway; @Resource private MqttConfig mqttConfig; @GetMapping("/add/{topic}") public String addTopic(@PathVariable("topic") String topic) { String[] topics = {topic}; List<String> list = mqttConfig.addListenTopic(topics); return list.toString(); } @GetMapping("/pub") public String pubTopic() { String topic = "temperature1"; String msg = "client msg at: " + String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis()); mqttGateway.sendToMqtt(topic, 2, msg); return "OK"; } @GetMapping("/del/{topic}") public String delTopic(@PathVariable("topic") String topic) { List<String> list = mqttConfig.removeListenTopic(topic); return list.toString(); } } -
MQTT使用二之EMQ X的安装及使用 EMQ X (Erlang/Enterprise/Elastic MQTT Broker) 是基于 Erlang/OTP 平台开发的开源物联网 MQTT 消息服务器。Erlang/OTP是出色的软实时 (Soft-Realtime)、低延时 (Low-Latency)、分布式 (Distributed)的语言平台。MQTT 是轻量的 (Lightweight)、发布订阅模式 (PubSub) 的物联网消息协议。EMQ X 设计目标是实现高可靠，并支持承载海量物联网终端的MQTT连接，支持在海量物联网设备间低延时消息路由:稳定承载大规模的 MQTT 客户端连接，单服务器节点支持50万到100万连接。分布式节点集群，快速低延时的消息路由，单集群支持1000万规模的路由。消息服务器内扩展，支持定制多种认证方式、高效存储消息到后端数据库。完整物联网协议支持，MQTT、MQTT-SN、CoAP、LwM2M、WebSocket 或私有协议支持。服务器支持EMQ X 目前支持的操作系统:CentOS 6CentOS 7CentOS 8OpenSUSE tumbleweedDebian 9Debian 10Ubuntu 16.04Ubuntu 18.04Ubuntu 20.04macOS 10.13macOS 10.14macOS 10.15Windows Server 2019[alt type="warning"]产品部署建议 Linux 服务器，不推荐 Windows 服务器。[/alt]Shell 脚本一键安装 (Linux)curl https://repos.emqx.io/install_emqx.sh | bash包管理器安装（CentOS)安装所需要的依赖包sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2使用以下命令设置稳定存储库，以 CentOS 7 为例sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://repos.emqx.io/emqx-ce/redhat/centos/7/emqx-ce.repo安装最新版本的 EMQ X Brokersudo yum install emqx启动直接启动 EMQ X Brokeremqx startsystemctl 启动sudo systemctl start emqx查看状态emqx_ctl status停止 EMQ X Brokeremqx stop卸载sudo yum remove emqxDashboard安装完成后，通过ip:18083，打开出现界面代表安装成功。默认用户名是 admin，密码是 public更多安装方式可以参考：https://docs.emqx.cn/broker/v4.3/getting-started/install.html#
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MQTT使用一之MQTT介绍 之前其实也没有用过MQTT，最近接触MQTT是因为有几个项目涉及传感器，在与传感器对接的过程中，通过MQTT完成数据的交互。简介MQTT（message queuing telemetry transport）是IBM开发的即时通讯协议，是一种发布/订阅极其轻量级的消息传输协议，专门为网络受限设备、低宽带以及高延迟和不可靠的网络而设计的。由于以上轻量级的特点，是实现智能家居的首选传输协议，相比于XMPP，更加轻量级而且占用宽带低。特点由于采用发布/订阅的消息模式，可以提供一对多的消息发布轻量级，网络开销小对负载内容会有屏蔽的消息传输有三种消息发布质量（Qos）： qos=0：“至多一次”，这一级别会发生消息丢失或重复，消息发布依赖于TCP/IP网络 qos=1：“至少一次”，确保消息到达，但消息重复可能会发生 qos=2：“只有一次”，确保消息到达一次通知机制，异常中断时会通知双方原理MQTT协议有三种身份：发布者、代理、订阅者，发布者和订阅者都为客户端，代理为服务器，同时消息的发布者也可以是订阅者（为了节约内存和流量发布者和订阅者一般都会定义在一起）。MQTT传输的消息分为主题（Topic，可理解为消息的类型，订阅者订阅后，就会收到该主题的消息内容（payload））和负载（payload，可以理解为消息的内容）两部分。
